In-Flight Firefighting Techniques Exam

ADVANCE FLYING ACADEMY

In-Flight Firefighting Techniques Exam

The In-Flight Firefighting Techniques Exam tests your knowledge of identifying, responding to, and extinguishing fires aboard an aircraft. Understanding these techniques is critical to ensuring the safety of passengers and crew in emergencies. Below is a detailed study guide.

Key Topics to Study

1. Types of Fires and Extinguishing Agents

Classifications of Fires:
- Class A: Ordinary combustibles (paper, cloth, wood).
  - Extinguished with water or halon.
- Class B: Flammable liquids (fuel, oils).
  - Extinguished with halon or other dry chemical agents.
- Class C: Electrical fires (wiring, equipment).
  - Extinguished with non-conductive agents like halon.
- Class D: Combustible metals (magnesium, titanium).
  - Requires special extinguishing agents (not typically onboard).
- Class K: Cooking oils (not common on most aircraft).
Common Extinguishing Agents:
- Halon Extinguishers: Versatile and effective for Class A, B, and C fires.
- Water Extinguishers: Effective for Class A fires.
- Fire Blankets: Used to smother small fires or protect individuals.

2. Detection and Initial Actions

Fire Detection:
- Use senses to identify smoke, unusual smells, or heat.
- Monitor onboard smoke detection systems, especially in lavatories or cargo holds.
Initial Steps:
- Alert the flight deck and cabin crew immediately.
- Identify the source of the fire while ensuring personal safety.

3. Firefighting Equipment

Location of Equipment:
- Know the locations of fire extinguishers, fire gloves, smoke hoods, and fire blankets.
Operation of Fire Extinguishers (PASS Method):
- P: Pull the pin.
- A: Aim at the base of the fire.
- S: Squeeze the handle.
- S: Sweep the nozzle side to side.

4. Procedures for Fighting Fires

Containment and Extinguishment:
- Close doors or panels to contain fire and smoke if possible.
- Direct the extinguisher at the base of the fire.
Communication:
- Maintain communication with the flight deck and other crew members.
Passenger Management:
- Reassure and direct passengers away from the affected area.
Monitoring After Extinguishment:
- Ensure the fire is fully extinguished and monitor for re-ignition.

5. Specialized Fire Scenarios

Lavatory Fires:
- Use the trash bin’s built-in fire suppression system (if available).
- Access the fire through the lavatory door while maintaining safety.
Overhead Bin Fires:
- Open the bin carefully to avoid a flash of flames.
- Extinguish with a halon extinguisher and monitor for spread.
Electronic Device Fires:
- Use halon to extinguish flames and water or non-alcoholic liquids to cool the device.
- Place the device in a containment bag (if available).
Hidden Fires:
- Use senses and fire gloves to locate and access fires behind panels.

6. Smoke Management

Crew Actions:
- Use portable oxygen masks or smoke hoods to prevent inhalation.
Passenger Safety:
- Direct passengers to crouch low and use handkerchiefs or cloths over their mouths.

7. Post-Fire Procedures

Assess Damage:
- Report to the flight deck with details about the fire and damage.
Secure Area:
- Ensure no re-ignition and clear the area for safe occupancy.
Incident Reporting:
- Complete required documentation and report to airline safety personnel.

Sample Questions

Multiple Choice:
What type of fire extinguisher should be used for an electrical fire?
- A. Water extinguisher
- B. Halon extinguisher
- C. Foam extinguisher
- D. Carbon dioxide extinguisher
(Correct Answer: B - Halon extinguisher)
Scenario Question:
You notice smoke coming from an overhead bin. What steps should you take to extinguish the fire while ensuring safety?
True/False:
Water extinguishers are suitable for use on electrical fires.
(Correct Answer: False)
Practical Problem:
During a flight, a passenger’s lithium-ion device catches fire. Describe the immediate actions you should take to extinguish the fire and prevent further hazards.
Fill-in-the-Blank:
The __________ method is used to operate a fire extinguisher effectively.
(Correct Answer: PASS - Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep)

Study Tips

Review Aircraft Firefighting Equipment:
- Memorize the locations and uses of extinguishers, smoke hoods, and other equipment specific to your aircraft.
Practice Firefighting Techniques:
- Simulate fire scenarios to build confidence in using extinguishers and managing emergencies.
Understand Fire Behavior:
- Learn how different fires behave and how extinguishing agents interact with them.
Learn Safety Procedures:
- Familiarize yourself with protective measures, such as smoke hood use and fire gloves.
Study Real Incidents:
- Review case studies of in-flight fires to understand challenges and effective responses.